Welcome to the Encyclopedia of Arkansas

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This Day in Arkansas History

October 18, 1917

Mamie Phipps Clark, the first African-American woman to earn a Doctor of Philosophy degree in psychology from Columbia University, was born in Hot Springs (Garland County). The research she did with her husband was important in the success of the 1954 case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, in which the U.S. Supreme Court declared the doctrine of “separate but equal” with regard to education to be unconstitutional because such separation generated “a feeling of inferiority as to their status in the community” on the part of African-American students.

Learn more about Mamie Katherine Phipps Clark Explore full history calendar

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Promotional photograph of white man woman and 19 young and teen children standing together with white text Duggar Family Religious Figures, Television and Streaming A single bison standing at bottom of hill in grassy field trees and stump in background Bison Zoology White man wearing a hat and women in dresses picking cotton with long cotton sack stretching out behind her Great Depression busy city intersection with cars and people, view of state capitol in background Little Rock Pulaski Icon of cannon next to text "The Camden Expedition Route" above old photo group of men with rifles on horseback next to large map marking various events along trail during military conflict Camden Expedition Timeline Civil War Wooden sign held up by posts near road text "The Village @ Pickles Gap Shop Eat Relax" above smaller sign illustration of shaggy dog text "Doc's Coffee and Creamery" Pickles Gap Faulkner White man with long beard in military uniform with horse and dog Prairie Grove Campaign Timeline Civil War John Lawrence Markle Business Leaders, Criminal Activities Portrait white man in suit military medal long wavy hair thick beard smoking large pipe Albert Pike Individuals, Lawyers, Poetry, State Figures Group of African-American men standing and sitting before brick wall Elaine Massacre of 1919 Early Twentieth Century Exploded underground missile silo and debris as seen from above Titan II Missile Explosion Post Civil War white man in black embroidered alongside white woman in dark suit and hat carrying roses amid a crowd of people Johnny Cash Country, Rock Soldiers posing in line wearing hats with buildings cabins tents on hillside in background Civil War through Reconstruction, 1861 through 1874 Time Period "Negroes leave town of Bonanza" newspaper clipping Sundown Towns White man with stubbled beard sitting in backwards cap and jacket with his hands clasped under his chin Billy Bob Thornton Actors and Filmmakers Graphic showing different types of arrowheads and artifacts Pre-European Exploration, Prehistory through 1540 Time Period

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Pavilion with brick columns and picnic tables Collier Springs Shelter Museums and Historic Sites White man with hook left hand smiling in suit and tie Chad Colley Individuals "Saline County" map with borders roads cities national forest lakes Collegeville Saline College Station Freedom School Defunct: Schools and Academies, Modern Era strip mall building with cars and trucks parked in front College Station Pulaski Blue and white "Welcome College City city limit" sign College City Lawrence Group of African-American men standing and sitting before brick wall Ed “Sweat” Coleman Early Twentieth Century, Labor African-American man in overalls and white woman in white western wear with hat with Coleman dairy truck Coleman Dairy Animal Culture, Businesses Mass of twisted ribbons on black background Kevin Earlee Cole Painting "Randolph" newspaper clipping George Cole Criminal Activities rundown white building with green trim with "Cold Water" painted above the entrance and a black silhouette on the porch Cold Water School Defunct: Schools and Academies, Museums and Historic Sites Single-story building with stone walls and covered porch steps Cold Springs School Defunct: Schools and Academies, Museums and Historic Sites Spring well with brick walls in forested area Cold Spring Museums and Historic Sites Stone wall in a forest Colburn Spring Scott Oil painting on brick wall in wooden frame group of white black and indigenous men holding rifles running away into woodland area from group of soldiers with rifles running out of log fortress Colbert Raid Pre-Civil War Col. Corn and Little Vittles ...and April Fools' Day

About the Encyclopedia

The CALS Encyclopedia of Arkansas is a free, authoritative source of information about the rich history, geography, and culture of Arkansas. It is updated regularly to ensure the people of Arkansas have an accurate and accessible resource to explore our heritage. We invite you to browse our text entries and media galleries to learn more about the people, places, events, legends, and lore of the 25th state. We are continually adding new entries, photographs, maps, videos, quizzes, lesson plans, and more, so check back frequently to see what’s new.

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