Race:

Native American

View Media (37)
"Knocked down and robbed" newspaper clipping
James Arcene (1862?–1885)
James Arcene, a Cherokee man, was sentenced to death for a crime he committed years before. While aspects of h...
White man at base of tree covered mound site in field
Archaic Period
The Archaic Period refers to the time between 9500 and 650 BC in the Native American history of Arkansas. As w...
Tree covered mound on river shore
Battle Mound Site
The Battle Mound site is a Caddo site located along the Red River in Lafayette County. The Red River landscape...
"Executed Fifty-two men" newspaper clipping
John Billy (Execution of)
On April 3, 1874, a Choctaw man named John Billy was executed at Fort Smith (Sebastian County) for the murder ...
man with swept-back long hair and mustache in suit and small bow tie
Elias Cornelius Boudinot (1835–1890)
Elias Cornelius Boudinot was a mixed-lineage Cherokee lawyer, newspaper editor, and lobbyist. He was active in...
Gravel sidewalk in park lined with text displays on posts surrounded by trees and along a river
Caddo Indian Memorial
The Caddo Indian Memorial is located on the site of a Native American burial ground on the outskirts of Norman...
Group of indigenous women in traditional clothing lined in rows some singing as four men hold drum
Caddo Nation
Caddo Indians enter written history in chronicles of the Hernando de Soto expedition, which describe encounter...
Hand carved stone tools on black background with checkered scale
Carden Bottom
Carden Bottom (also known as Carden’s Bottom or Carden Bottoms) is a rich alluvial flood plain in northeaste...
Casqui (1491?–?)
Casqui was a Native American chief who ruled over a province in northeastern Arkansas in the 1500s. He was the...
Charcoal portrait drawing of Native American man wearing necklaces and a wide antique hat decorated with stars.
Cherokee
The Europeans named the Cherokee as one of the Five Civilized Tribes. (The other four were the Chickasaw, Choc...
Cherokee Boundary Line
aka: Old Cherokee Boundary Line
The Old Cherokee Boundary Line served as the eastern border of the ...
Native American man with short gray hair smiling in hat and suit
Chickasaw
Heading east, the ancestral Chickasaw crossed Arkansas looking for a new homeland at some point in prehistory....
"John Childers
John Childers (Execution of)
On August 15, 1873, a Cherokee man named John Childers was hanged at Fort Smith (Sebastian County) for the 187...
Barbed wire fence post with "Choc." written on it
Choctaw
The Choctaw are of the Western Muskogean language stock, which is also the same stock as the Chickasaw. When f...
"The State Line" newspaper clipping
Choctaw Boundary Line
Determining the Choctaw Boundary Line and thus the western boundary of Arkansas below the Arkansas River was a...
Choctaw Scrip
Land ownership was the desire of many individuals moving west across the United States in the nineteenth centu...
Group of arrow points on black background
Crenshaw Site
The Crenshaw Site was a large village and ceremonial center occupied from about AD 700 to 1400 along the Red R...
"Died According to Law" newspaper clipping
Boudinot Crumpton (Execution of)
aka: Bood Burris (Execution of)
Boudinot Crumpton, twenty-two, sometimes known as Bood Burris, was ...
Graphic showing different types of arrowheads and artifacts
Dalton Period
The Dalton Period extends from 10,500 to 9,900 radiocarbon years ago (circa 8500 to 7900 BC), during which the...
Dehahuit (?–1833)
Dehahuit, hereditary chief of the Kadohadacho Caddo community of Native Americans at the time of the Louisiana...
Delaware
Members of many tribes displaced from homelands east of the Mississippi River temporarily resided in Arkansas ...
Charcoal portrait drawing of Native American man wearing necklaces and a wide antique hat decorated with stars.
Duwali (1756–1839)
aka: Bowl
aka: Bowles
Duwali, also known as the Bowl or Bowles due to the Quapaw meaning ...
Portrait black man in buttoned shirt
Pompey Factor (1849–1928)
Pompey Factor was a scout for the U.S. Army during the Indian Wars. In 1875, he received the Medal of Honor fo...
Factory System
aka: Indian Trading Posts
aka: Indian Factory System
The Indian factory system was a system of trading posts created by ...
Isaac Filmore (Execution of)
On April 3, 1874, a sixteen-year-old Choctaw boy named Isaac Filmore was hanged in Fort Smith (Sebastian Count...
"The Fatal Trap" newspaper clipping
Samuel W. Fooy (Execution of)
On September 3, 1875, a Native American man named Samuel W. Fooy was among the first six men to be executed in...
man with swept-back long hair and mustache in suit and small bow tie
Fort Smith Conference (1865)
As a diplomatic assembly of Native American delegates and U.S. government officials, the Fort Smith Conference...
"The Indian Armistice" newspaper clipping
Fort Smith Council
The gathering of Native Americans, Arkansas territorial officials, and U.S. government representatives held in...
Doghead Glory (Execution of)
On February 4, 1853, a Native American man named Doghead Glory was executed in Benton County for the murder of...
Headlines "Died as he Lived. Cherokee Bill as Indifferent to the World on the Gallows as Before. With a Smile on His Lips He Remarked. 'This is a Fine Day to Die' Then a Guard Pulled the Trap and the Most Brutal Murderer and Famous Outlaw of Modern Times Was Dead Brief Mention of the Many Crimes Cherokee Bill Committed"
Crawford Goldsby (Execution of)
aka: Cherokee Bill (Execution of)
Twenty-year-old Crawford Goldsby, usually referred to in news repor...
Guedetonguay (?–?)
aka: Guedelonguay
aka: Quedetongue
Guedetonguay was a Quapaw Indian leader in the mid-eighteenth centu...
White woman in judicial robes and glasses standing in front of bookcase
Josephine (Jo) Linker Hart (1943–)
Josephine Linker (Jo) Hart, whose Cherokee parents were driven from their farm in Pope County when she was a c...